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Home / Drugs / Starting with A / Alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor
 
Alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor
 

Human alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor or alpha-1-antitrypsin, prepared from human plasma via Cohn alcohol fractionation followed by PEG and zinc chloride fractionation.
BrandsAralast (Baxter)
Prolastin (Talecris Biotherapeutics C formerly Bayer)
CategoriesEnzyme Replacement Agents
PackagersBaxter International Inc.
CSL Behring LLC
Talecris Biotherapeutics
SynonymsAlpha 1-antitrypsin
Alpha-1 protease inhibitor
Alpha-1-antiproteinase
Alpha-1-antitrypsin precursor

indication

For treatment of panacinar emphysema

pharmacology

Prevents excessive accumulation of active neutrophil elastase and consequent proteolysis of elastin tissues in alveolar lung structures. This prevents the development of emphysema.

mechanism of action

Alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor is a serine protease inhibitor (Serpin). Its primary mechanism is inhibiting the action of the serine protease called elastase (also plasmin and thrombin) in the lungs. The reactive center loop (RCL) of alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable.