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Home / Drugs / Starting with D / Dimethyl sulfoxide
 
Dimethyl sulfoxide
 

A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during cryopreservation. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation. [PubChem]
BrandsDecap
Deltan
Demasorb
Demavet
Demeso
Demsodrox
Dermasorb
Dimexide
Dipirartril-tropico
Dolicur
Doligur
Domoso
Dromisol
Durasorb
Gamasol 90
Hyadur
Infiltrina
Kemsol
Rimso 50
Sclerosol
Somipront
Syntexan
Topsym
CategoriesFree Radical Scavengers
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
Solvents
Cryoprotective Agents
ManufacturersBioniche pharma usa llc
Bryan corp
PackagersBen Venue Laboratories Inc.
Bioniche Pharma
Bryan Corp.
Edwards Lifesciences LLC
Medisca Inc.
SynonymsDiemthyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl sulfoxide BP
Dimethyl sulfur oxide
Dimethyl sulphoxide
Dimethyl sulpoxide
Dimexidum
Methyl sulfoxide
Methylsulfinylmethane
Sulfinylbis-methane
Sulfinylbismethane
Sulfinyldimethane

indication

For the symptomatic relief of patients with interstitial cystitis.

pharmacology

Dimethyl Sulfoxide may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and analgesic activities. Dimethyl Sulfoxide also readily penetrates cellular membranes. The membrane-penetrating ability of dimethyl sulfoxide may enhance diffusion of other substances through the skin. For this reason, mixtures of idoxuridine and dimethyl sulfoxide have been used for topical treatment of herpes zoster in the United Kingdom.

mechanism of action

The mechanism of dimethyl sulfoxide's actions is not well understood. Dimethyl sulfoxide has demonstrated antioxidant activity in certain biological settings. For example, the cardiovascular protective effect of dimethyl sulfoxide in copper-deficient rats is thought to occur by an antioxidant mechanism. It is also thought that dimethyl sulfoxide's possible anti-inflammatory activity is due to antioxidant action.

toxicity

The oral LD50 of dimethyl sulfoxide in the dog is greater than 10 gm/kg. It is improbable that this dosage level could be obtained with intravesical instillation of dimethyl sulfoxide in the patient.

biotransformation

Dimethyl sulfoxide is metabolized in man by oxidation to dimethyl sulfone or by reduction in dimethyl sulfide. Dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone are excreted in the urine and feces.

absorption

Readily and rapidly absorbed following administration by all routes and distributed throughout the body.

route of elimination

Dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone are excreted in the urine and feces.