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Home / Drugs / Starting with G / Gentian Violet
 
Gentian Violet
 

A dye that is a mixture of violet rosanilinis with antibacterial, antifungal, and anthelmintic properties. [PubChem]
BrandsAdergon
Aizen Crystal Violet
Aizen Crystal Violet Extra Pure
Aniline Violet
Aniline Violet pyoktanine
Atmonil
Avermin
Axuris
Badil
Basic Violet 3
Basic Violet BN
Basic Violet-3
Bismuth Violet
Brilliant Violet 5B
C.I. Basic Violet 3
Calcozine Violet 6BN
Calcozine Violet C
Crystal Violet 10B
Crystal Violet 5BO
Crystal Violet 6B
Crystal Violet 6BO
Crystal Violet AO
Crystal Violet AON
Crystal Violet base
Crystal Violet BP
Crystal Violet BPC
Crystal Violet chloride
Crystal Violet chloride salt
Crystal Violet Extra Pure
Crystal Violet Extra Pure APN
Crystal Violet Extra Pure APNX
Crystal Violet FN
crystal violet for microscopy
Crystal Violet HL2
Crystal Violet O
Crystal Violet Pure DSC
Crystal Violet Pure DSC Brilliant
Crystal Violet SS
Crystal Violet Technical
Crystal Violet USP
Genapax
Gentersal
gentian violet gr
Gentiaverm
Genticid
Gentioletten
gention violet alchoholic staining solution
GV-Eleven
Gvs
Hecto Violet R
Hectograph Violet SR
Hexamethyl Violet
Hexamethylpararosaniline chloride
Hidaco Brilliant Crystal Violet
Hidaco crystal Violet
Meroxyl-Wander
Meroxylan-Wander
Methyl Violet 10B
Methyl Violet 10BD
Methyl Violet 10BK
Methyl Violet 10BN
Methyl Violet 10BNS
Methyl Violet 10BO
Methyl Violet 5BNO
Methyl Violet 5BO
Methyl Violet 6B
Methylrosaniline chloride
methylrosanilinium chloride
Mitsui Crystal Violet
Oxiuran
Oxycolor
Oxyozyl
Paper Blue R
Plastoresin Violet 5BO
Pyoktanin
Vermicid
Vianin
Viocid
Violet 5BO
Violet 6BN
Violet CP
Violet XXIII
CategoriesAnti-Infective Agents, Local
ManufacturersSavage laboratories inc div altana inc
Key pharmaceuticals inc sub schering plough corp
Packagersh
h
SynonymsCrystal Violet

indication

For the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections inside the mouth (thrush) and skin, also for the prevention of transmission of Chagas' disease (as a blood additive).

pharmacology

Gentian violet is a mutagen, a mitotic poison, and a clastogen. Gentian violet has been used in medicine for almost 100 years: as an antiseptic for external use, as a topical antibiotic, as a topical antifungal agent, as an antihelminthic agent by oral administration, and more recently, as a blood additive to prevent transmission of Chagas' disease. It is thought to work by binding to the DNA of target organisms and causing disruption, mutation or inhibition of DNA replication.

mechanism of action

In aqueous solutions Gentian violet (GV) dissociates into positive (GV+)and negative ions (Cl-) that penetrate through the wall and membrane of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial cells. The GV+ interacts with negatively charged components of bacterial cells including the lipopolysaccharide (on the cell wall), the peptidoglycan and DNA. A similar cell penetration and DNA binding process is thought to take place for fungal cells as well. Because Gentian violet is a mutagen and mitotic poison, cell growth is consequently inhibited. A photodynamic action of gentian violet, apparently mediated by a free-radical mechanism, has recently been described in bacteria and in the protozoan T. cruzi. Evidence also suggests that gentian violet dissipates the bacterial (and mitochondrial) membrane potential by inducing permeability. This is followed by respiratory inhibition. This anti-mitochondrial activity might explain gentian violet's efficacy towards both bacteria and yeast with relatively mild effects on mammalian cells.

toxicity

LD50=420 mg/kg (rat, oral). Oral administration can cause gastrointestinal irritation, and intravenous injection can cause depression in the white blood cell count.

biotransformation

Primarily hepatic, mostly demethylation