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Home / Drugs / Starting with P / Pentoxifylline
 
Pentoxifylline
 

A methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production. [PubChem]
BrandsAzupentat
Dimethyloxohexylxanthine
Durapental
Oxpentifylline
Pentoxifyllin
Pentoxil
Pentoxiphyllium
Pentoxyfylline
PENTOXYPHYLINE
Pentoxyphylline
Rentylin
Torental
Trental
Vazofirin
CategoriesFree Radical Scavengers
Vasodilator Agents
Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Radiation-Protective Agents
Hematologic Agents
Hemorrheologic Agents
ManufacturersActavis elizabeth llc
Apotex inc
Biovail laboratories inc
Heritage pharmaceuticals inc
Impax laboratories inc
Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
Pliva inc
Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
Watson laboratories inc
Upsher smith laboratories inc
Sanofi aventis us llc
PackagersAmerisource Health Services Corp.
Amneal Pharmaceuticals
Apotex Inc.
A-S Medication Solutions LLC
Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
Biovail Pharmaceuticals
Cardinal Health
Dept Health Central Pharmacy
Dispensing Solutions
Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
Gallipot
Golden State Medical Supply Inc.
Heartland Repack Services LLC
Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
Major Pharmaceuticals
Mckesson Corp.
Merrell Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
Mylan
Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Pharmedix
Physicians Total Care Inc.
Pliva Inc.
Prepak Systems Inc.
Remedy Repack
Sandhills Packaging Inc.
Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
Southwood Pharmaceuticals
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
Torpharm Inc.
Tya Pharmaceuticals
UDL Laboratories
Upsher Smith Laboratories
Va Cmop Dallas
Vangard Labs Inc.
Zoetica Pharmaceutical Corp.
SynonymsEHT0201

indication

For the treatment of patients with intermittent lameness or immobility arising from chronic occlusive arterial disease of the limbs.

pharmacology

Pentoxifylline, a synthetic dimethylxanthine derivative structurally related to theophylline and caffeine, is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.

mechanism of action

Pentoxifylline inhibits erythrocyte phosphodiesterase, resulting in an increase in erythrocyte cAMP activity. Subsequently, the erythrocyte membrane becomes more resistant to deformity. Along with erythrocyte activity, pentoxifylline also decreases blood viscosity by reducing plasma fibrinogen concentrations and increasing fibrinolytic activity. It is also a non selective adenosine receptor antagonist.

toxicity

LD50=1385 mg/kg(orally in mice)

half life

0.4-0.8 hours

route of elimination

Excretion is almost totally urinary; the main biotransformation product is Metabolite V. Essentially no parent drug is found in the urine.

drug interactions

Acenocoumarol: Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of acenocoumarol.

Aminophylline: Pentoxifylline may increase the effect and toxicity of aminophylline.

Anisindione: Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.

Dicumarol: Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol.

Dyphylline: Pentoxifylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline

Oxtriphylline: Pentoxifylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline

Theophylline: Pentoxifylline increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline

Warfarin: Pentoxifylline may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.